Functions

~/.functions is loaded by both bash and zsh. Functions can take arguments and run several commands, which aliases can’t.

take

Make a folder (and any missing parent folders) and go into it.

take projects/new-app      # same as: mkdir -p projects/new-app && cd projects/new-app

ii

A compact summary of the machine — like the message you see after SSH-ing into a server.

Shows: date and time, hostname, kernel and OS name, local and public IP, uptime, load average (1 / 5 / 15 minutes), number of processes, memory and disk use with a 10-character bar, and logged-in users.

• Bars change colour by usage: white under 60%, yellow 60–84%, red 85% and up.
• Users counts distinct people, not sessions — five tmux panes are still one user.
• Works on Linux and macOS, and shows n/a for anything it can’t find instead of failing.
• Public IP needs internet. It waits at most 3 seconds (curl --max-time 3), then shows n/a.
• The local IP is the one on the interface that leads to the internet (same as myip).

myip

All your IP addresses at once: the local one, and the public one asked two different ways.

myip
# Local        192.168.1.20
# ifconfig.me  203.0.113.31
# OpenDNS      203.0.113.31

With IPv6 available, a second column appears:

myip
#              IPv4             IPv6
# Local        192.168.1.20     2001:db8::20
# ifconfig.me  203.0.113.31     2001:db8::99
# OpenDNS      203.0.113.31     2001:db8::99

• Local — this machine’s address on your network: the one on the interface that leads to the internet (Wi-Fi, Ethernet or VPN, whichever is in use), not just the first one listed.
• ifconfig.me — a web server reports the address your web traffic comes from.
• OpenDNS — a DNS server reports the address your DNS lookups come from.

The two public answers usually match. If they differ, web traffic and DNS leave through different routes — for example a VPN or proxy that only covers one of them.

• The IPv6 column only shows when an IPv6 address is found. Without IPv6 internet you get the short IPv4 table. The IPv6 lookups fail instantly in that case, so myip stays fast.
• Each lookup gives up after 3 seconds and shows - instead of hanging.
• Needs curl. The OpenDNS row also needs dig (Debian/Ubuntu: dnsutils, Fedora: bind-utils, built into macOS); without it you see install dig.
• The local address comes from ip route get (Linux), hostname -I (older Debian/Ubuntu setups) or the default route’s interface (macOS). Minimal containers may have none of these and show -.
• localip used to be a separate alias; it’s part of myip now.

getwebsite

Download a whole website to read offline.

getwebsite https://example.com/docs/

Runs wget with:

Flag	Meaning
-r	follow links (recursive)
-p	also get images, CSS and JS each page needs
-k	rewrite links to point at the local copies
-np	never go above the starting folder
-l 5	at most 5 links deep (so it can’t crawl forever)
-e robots=off	ignore robots.txt
-U mozilla	identify as a browser
--random-wait	vary the delay between requests, to avoid rate limits

Note

Only works for plain HTML sites. Sites built with JavaScript frameworks (single-page apps) come out empty. For those, try httrack, monolith (saves one page as a single file), or the browser’s Save Page As → Webpage, Complete. Ignoring robots.txt means you’re responsible for not hammering someone’s server.

spy

Show network connections, filtered by a port or program name.

spy 8080        # what's using port 8080?
spy chrome      # what is Chrome connected to?
sudo spy 443    # include other users' processes

It runs lsof -i -P +c 0 +M (internet connections, numeric ports, full program names) and filters with awk so the column header stays — a plain grep would drop it.

• Matching ignores case and isn’t a regex, so 127.0.0.1 matches literally.
• Without sudo you only see your own processes.

t

Start a tmux session for the current folder, using a tmuxp layout if there is one.

It tries, in order:

1. tmuxp.yaml in the current folder
2. ~/.config/tmuxp/default.yaml
3. A plain tmux session

The session is named after the folder. If the layout file doesn’t set session_name (and start_directory), t adds them for you in a temporary copy, so one default layout works for every project.

cd ~/projects/dotfiles && t      # session "dotfiles"

Edge cases:

• tmuxp not installed → plain tmux session, with a note.
• Folder names with . or : are changed to _ (tmux doesn’t allow them in session names): my.app → my_app.
• A session with that name already exists → tmux refuses to create a second one. Attach with tmux attach -t <name> instead.
• No ~/.config/tmuxp/default.yaml (the installer copies it, so only if you deleted it) → plain tmux session. See tmuxp.

Removed functions

Older versions had a few more:

• extract — use the archive tool directly (tar xf, unzip).
• sniff — use tcpdump or tshark.
• bell — a terminal bell when a command finished; unreliable across terminals (also why enable_audio_bell left kitty.conf). Use alert instead.

Adding your own

Machine-specific functions go in ~/.functions.local — see Local files.